JCM Catalogue

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum (Reuter 1963) Mattarelli et al. 2008
Taxonomy in NCBI database: Bacteria; Bacillati; Actinomycetota; Actinomycetes; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae.
1217T <-- ATCC 15707 <-- G. Reuter E194b (Variant a).
Accessioned in 1982.
=ATCC 15707 =BCRC 11847 =CCUG 28903 =CECT 4503 =CIP 64.62 =DSM 20219 =KCTC 3215 =KCTC 3128 =LMG 10497 =LMG 13197 =NCFB 2259 =NCTC 11818 =VTT E-96664.
Type strain [110,596,7307].
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +  Full / Short version of the cataloguepage top

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Source: Intestine of adult [110,3126,6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [3093,3126,4424,5742,6034].
Cell wall: Orn-Ser-Ala-Thr-Ala [098,2925,3126].
Enzyme electrophoretic profile: [3126,4425].
G+C (mol%): 61.4 (Tm) [181], 61.3 (HPLC) [5742].
DNA-DNA relatedness: [023,053,3126,5742,6034].
Phylogeny: 16S rRNA (M58739), 16S rRNA gene (AB437359, GU361823, LC071818).
DNA typing: RFLP pattern [4423], rRNA gene restriction pattern [4597], ribotyping [6034], RAPD-PCR [6034].
Other taxonomic data: Protein profile [1865]; MALDI-TOF MS [9230].
Taxonomy: [3126].
Genome sequence: AP010888 [8490], FNRW00000000, JGYZ00000000, LR134369.
More information: Species-specific primer [4521]; endo-α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase [6623].
NCBI Assembly ID: GCA_000196555 (GenBank), GCF_000196555 (RefSeq).
BacDive ID: 1709.
NCBI Taxonomy ID: 216816.
Genomic DNA is available from RIKEN BRC-DNA Bank: JGD07422.
Publication(s) using this strain [A04015, A04071, A04079, A04152, A04168, A04172, A04184, A04196, A05008, A05036, A05048, A05174, A06033, A06239, A07171, A07193, A07210, A07256, A07273, A07284, A08201, A08207, A08225, A08270, A08278, A08304, A09019, A09026, A09198, A09210, A09233, A09240, A09258, A09276, A10101, A10249, A10294, A10313, A11050, A11225, A11235, A11236, A11237, A11252, A11259, A11297, A11362, A12039, A12078, A12287, A12295, A12415, A12422, A12441, A13116, A13170, A13440, A13454, A13457, A13488, A13546, A13553, A14001, A14009, A14079, A14425, A14435, A14451, A14454, A14526, A15097, A15494, A15565, A16074, A16093, A16094, A16131, A16467, A16560, A17103, A17156, B17520, A17566, A18008, A18010, A18039, A18152, A18524, A18564, A18569, A19058, A19084, A19097, A19161, A19166, A19175, A19397, A19403, A19498, A20001, A20093, A20144, A20146, A20172, A20177, A20446, A20477, A20487, A20533, A20554, A20561, A20578, A21057, A21137, A21138, A21153, A21209, A21404, A21417, A21483, A21486, A21512, A21549, A22001, A22036, A22038, A22109, A22111, A22385, A22396, A22477, A22483, A22501, A22548, A23041, A23088, A23092, A23117, A23130, A23150, A23158, A23380, A23453, A23454, A23493, A24048, A24051, A24131, A24157, A24397, A24437, A24466].
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2007/023588, WO2007/099997, JP2007-112805A, JP2007-189914A, JP2007-001973A, JP2007-029107A, JP2007-091704A, JP2007-097517A, WO2007/020884, WO2008/062555, WO2008/114503, JP2008-154495A, JP2008-074768A, JP2008-120719A, WO2009/116382, JP2009-183221A, JP2009-242430A, JP2009-125055A, JP2009-027971A, JP2009-173548A, JP2011-219433A, JP2011-157335A, WO2011/027875, WO2011/034181, WO2012/091081 , WO2012/005240, JP2012-12321A, JP2012-158561A, JP2012-180373A, JP2012-180288A, JP2013-233110A, JP2013-027359, JP2014-187886A, JP2014-055194A, JP2014-064543A, JP2014-094001A, JP2014-168404A, 2015-172040, 2015-96555, 2015-198638, 2016-028595, 2016-073314, 2016-168011, CN105671120, WO/2016/208332, WO2016/186151, WO2017/159643, 2017-216979, 2017-175949, 2017-163881, 2017-079705, 2017-066087, 2017-000002, 2017-201984, 2018-113892, 2018-184366, WO2018/074514, 2018-174717, WO2018/174125, WO2018/123507, 2019-151559, 2019-17292, 2019-92469, 2019-94307, 2019-218280, WO2019/087841, 2020-150872, WO2020/040257, 2020-92704, 2020-132560, 2021-65133, 2021-164435, WO2022-050302, WO2022-092018, WO2022-118525, WO2022-137644, 2022-52715, 2022-53525, 2022-88787, 2022-25153, 2022-103708, 2022-42042, 7076840, 2022-33444, WO2022-202372, 2023-150100, 2023-124967, 2023-152713, 7279983, 2023-161983, 2023-33337, 2023-77698, 2023-134550, WO-A1-2024/195814, P2024-165869A, P2024-179871A, P2024-75260A), P2024-32856A, WO-A1-2024/043304].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
7050 <-- Y. Benno <-- T. Mitsuoka IV-50 (I-15-7).
Accessioned in 1987.
=LMG 18899.
Bifidobacterium adolescentis.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Human feces [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [6034].
DNA typing: Ribotyping, RAPD-PCR [6034].
Other taxonomic data: MALDI-TOF MS [9230].
BacDive ID: 165469.
Publication(s) using this strain [A04067, A05016, A06012, A06239, A08226, A11317, A11362, A13442, A15579, A21138, A22456].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
7052 <-- T. Mitsuoka IV-52.
Accessioned in 1987.
=CGMCC 1.3013.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Human feces [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [6034].
Phylogeny: 16S rRNA gene (LC589223).
DNA typing: Ribotyping, RAPD-PCR [6034].
Other taxonomic data: MALDI-TOF MS [9230].
More information: L-Lactate dehydrogenase gene (M33585).
BacDive ID: 165470.
Publication(s) using this strain [A04079, A05016, A06012, A06239, A07273, A09240, A10254, A10255, A11317, A11362, A12012, A12388, A13442, A17559, A18008, A21057, A21412, A21480, A22109].
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2007/099997, JP2014-064543A].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
7053 <-- Y. Benno <-- T. Mitsuoka IV-53 (Kd-5-6).
Accessioned in 1987.
=CGMCC 1.3048.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Infant feces [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [6034].
DNA typing: Ribotyping, RAPD-PCR [6034].
Other taxonomic data: MALDI-TOF MS [9230].
BacDive ID: 165471.
Publication(s) using this strain [A05016, A06012, A06239, A07273, A08190, A09240, A10251, A11317, A11362, A13442, A17559, A19483, A21056, A22109].
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2007/099997].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
7054 <-- T. Mitsuoka IV-54 <-- G. Reuter S3 (Variant b).
Accessioned in 1987.
=ATCC 15708 =BCRC 14634 =CIP 64.63 =LMG 10498.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Intestine of infant [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [4424,6034].
Enzyme electrophoretic profile: [4425].
DNA-DNA relatedness: [6034].
Phylogeny: 16S rRNA gene (U10152).
DNA typing: RFLP pattern [4423], rRNA gene restriction pattern [4597], ribotyping [6034], RAPD-PCR [6034].
Other taxonomic data: MALDI-TOF MS [9230].
BacDive ID: 135644.
Publication(s) using this strain [A05174, A06239, A07219, A07273, A08190, A09026, A09198, A10101, A10251, A11236, A11237, A11362, A13116, A13170, A14435, A15097, A22109].
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2007/099997].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
7055 <-- Y. Benno <-- T. Mitsuoka IV-55 (I-54-2).
Accessioned in 1987.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Infant feces [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [6034].
DNA typing: Ribotyping, RAPD-PCR [6034].
Other taxonomic data: MALDI-TOF MS [9230].
BacDive ID: 165472.
Publication(s) using this strain [A05016, A06012, A06239, A07273, A09240, A11362, A22109].
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2007/099997].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
7056 <-- Y. Benno <-- T. Mitsuoka IV-56 (I-13-12).
Accessioned in 1987.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Infant feces [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [6034].
DNA typing: Ribotyping, RAPD-PCR [6034].
Other taxonomic data: MALDI-TOF MS [9230].
BacDive ID: 165473.
Publication(s) using this strain [A05016, A06012, A06239, A07273, A09240, A11317, A11362, A13442, A22109].
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2007/099997].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
7060 <-- Y. Benno <-- T. Mitsuoka IV-60 (C7-11).
Accessioned in 1987.
=CGMCC 1.3049.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
Source: Calf feces.
BacDive ID: 165474.
Publication(s) using this strain [A22109].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
11340 <-- Y. Benno B-34.
Accessioned in 2001.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Feces of a human infant [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [6034].
DNA typing: Ribotyping [6034], RAPD-PCR [6034].
BacDive ID: 161151.
Publication(s) using this strain [A18008].
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2007/099997, P2024-59594A].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
11341 <-- Y. Benno B-41.
Accessioned in 2001.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Feces of a human infant [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [6034].
DNA typing: Ribotyping [6034], RAPD-PCR [6034].
BacDive ID: 161152.
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2007/099997].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
11342 <-- Y. Benno B-44.
Accessioned in 2001.
Bifidobacterium longum.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Infant feces [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [6034].
Phylogeny: 16S rRNA gene (LC306854).
DNA typing: Ribotyping [6034], RAPD-PCR [6034].
BacDive ID: 161153.
Patent publication(s) using this strain [P2024-59594A].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
11343 <-- Y. Benno B-85.
Accessioned in 2001.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
Source: Feces of a human infant [6034].
Biochemistry/Physiology: [6034].
Phylogeny: 16S rRNA gene (LC638742).
DNA typing: Ribotyping [6034], RAPD-PCR [6034].
BacDive ID: 161154.
Publication(s) using this strain [A22109].
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2007/099997].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1
Terms and conditions Not applicable
Export control (1) No
Distribution control in Japan (2) No
Genetically modified microorganism No
Technical information -
Additional information -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
31944 <-- S. Fukiya; Res. Fac. of Agric., Hokkaido Univ., Japan; 105-A <-- Y. Kano <-- T. Mitsuoka.
Accessioned in 2017.
Medium: 13;  Temperature: 37°C; Anaerobic; Rehydration fluid: 663.   more information +
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Source: Human feces.
Genome sequence: AP014658 [11472].
Application: Bacterial transformation [11469,11470,11471].
NCBI Assembly ID: GCA_000829295 (GenBank), GCF_000829295 (RefSeq).
BacDive ID: 164160.
Publication(s) using this strain [A17085, A18039, A19516, A20521, A20523, A21209, A21509, A22034, A22120, A23451, A23480, A24083, A24181, A24336].
Patent publication(s) using this strain [WO2023-063314, P2024-75260A)].
 Related information on delivery / use of the strain
Biosafety level 1 -
Terms and conditions Imposed
Export control (1) No -
Distribution control in Japan (2) No -
Genetically modified microorganism No -
Technical information - -
Additional information - -
 (1) in complying with the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan
 (2) in complying with the Plant Protection Law of Japan

 Delivery category
Domestic A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Overseas A (Freeze-dried or L-dried culture) or C (Actively growing culture on request)
Viability and purity assays of this product were performed at the time of production as part of quality control. The authenticity of the culture was confirmed by analyzing an appropriate gene sequence, e.g., the 16S rRNA gene for prokaryotes, the D1/D2 region of LSU rRNA gene, the ITS region of the nuclear rRNA operon, etc. for eukaryotes. The characteristics and/or functions of the strain appearing in the catalogue are based on information from the corresponding literature and JCM does not guarantee them.
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